LoadRL

Source: GridKit/Model/EMT/Component/LoadRL/README.md

LoadRL Model

LoadRL represents a three-phase RL load in instantaneous abc coordinates. The load owns the three-phase differential current vector \(\mathbf{i}\), which is directed from the load into the bus.

Model Parameters

Symbol	Units	Description	Note
\(R_a\)	[\(\Omega\)]	Load resistance, phase a
\(R_b\)	[\(\Omega\)]	Load resistance, phase b
\(R_c\)	[\(\Omega\)]	Load resistance, phase c
\(L_a\)	[H]	Load inductance, phase a
\(L_b\)	[H]	Load inductance, phase b
\(L_c\)	[H]	Load inductance, phase c

Model Derived Parameters

\[\begin{split}\begin{aligned} \mathbf{R} &= \operatorname{diag}(R_a, R_b, R_c) \\ \mathbf{L} &= \operatorname{diag}(L_a, L_b, L_c) \end{aligned}\end{split}\]

Model Variables

Internal Variables

Differential

Symbol	Units	Description	Note
\(\mathbf{i}\)	[A]	Load current vector, directed from load into bus	\(\mathbf{i} = [i_a, i_b, i_c]^T \in \mathbb{R}^3\)

Algebraic

None.

External Variables

External variables enter component model equations but are owned by other components. The EMT bus at the load port owns the voltage variable and provides the equation needed to have a balanced system of equations.

Differential

Symbol	Units	Description	Note
\(\mathbf{v}\)	[V]	Port voltage vector, owned by EMT bus	\(\mathbf{v} = [v_a, v_b, v_c]^T \in \mathbb{R}^3\)

Algebraic

None.

Model Equations

Differential Equations

\[0 = \mathbf{R}\,\mathbf{i} + \mathbf{L}\dot{\mathbf{i}} + \mathbf{v}\]

Algebraic Equations

None.

Bus Residual Contributions

The RL load contributes to the KCL residual at its port bus. The expression is accumulated into the owning bus residual.

\[\mathbf{i}^\text{inj} := \mathbf{i}\]

Initialization

The initialization assumes a balanced three-phase system. Given the power flow phasor load current \(I = |I| \angle \theta\), the initial load current is:

\[\begin{split}\mathbf{i}(0) = \sqrt{2}\,|I| \begin{bmatrix} \cos(\theta) \\ \cos(\theta - \tfrac{2\pi}{3}) \\ \cos(\theta + \tfrac{2\pi}{3}) \end{bmatrix}\end{split}\]

The initial derivative is then given by the RL load equation for DAE consistency:

\[\dot{\mathbf{i}}(0) = -\mathbf{L}^{-1}\left(\mathbf{v}(0) + \mathbf{R}\,\mathbf{i}(0)\right)\]

Model Outputs

Candidate monitorable outputs include the load current components \(i_a\), \(i_b\), and \(i_c\) into the bus.